Condensation in an electronic device: concrete solutions

Discover the solutions against condensation in electronic devices: varnish, heating, silica gel and new generation moisture absorbent.

Moisture absorbents are often used to protect electronic devices from the effects of humidity and condensation.

In waterproof electrical boxes or electronic equipment exposed to humid environments, water vapor can gradually accumulate and cause damage.

Several solutions exist to limit these risks: protective varnish, internal heating or moisture absorbent desiccants.

But not all of these solutions are equally effective, especially when the devices are subject to significant variations in temperature and humidity.

Tropicalization varnish

The deposit of a tropicalization varnish on printed circuits protects electronic components against:

  • Humidity,
  • The dust,
  • Some corrosive chemicals.

These varnishes are generally polymers such as:

  • Acrylic,
  • Silicone,
  • Parylene,
  • Polyurethane.

They are applied in a very thin layer (a few tens of micrometers) directly to the surface of printed circuits.

However, this solution has several limitations.

Les thermal expansion coefficients solder joints are very different from those of varnishes. When a device is subject to temperature cycles, this generates mechanical stress that can damage the protection.

These thermal variations may come from:

  • From the heat generated by the internal components,
  • Temperature changes in the outside environment.

However, it is precisely these rapid thermal variations that promote the appearance of condensation in electronic boxes. In addition, tropicalization protects printed circuits but does not prevent condensation from damaging other system components.

Heating element

Another approach is to install a heating element inside the case.

The aim is to increase the internal temperature slightly in order to reduce theRelative humidity and limit condensation.

This solution is sometimes used in some outdoor electrical boxes.

However, it has several constraints:

  • Difficult to implement in small volumes,
  • Permanent energy consumption,
  • Risk of overheating of electronic components if the regulation is poorly controlled.

Pressure compensating plugs

We also find pressure compensating plugs, sometimes called balance plugs.

They are often presented as solutions anti-condensation for electrical boxes. In reality, their main function is to reduce mechanical stress on gaskets when the internal pressure varies. They therefore make it possible to limit the wear of the joints, but do not have a direct effect on condensation. So Sponge researched the effectiveness of this product: "Pressure-compensating plugs: role and limitations"

Silica gel

The silica gel Is one of moisture absorbents the most common.

This desiccating material adsorbs water vapor contained in the air and is widely used in the form of:

  • Anti-humidity bags
  • Marbles of Silica gel.

In a perfectly airtight housing, silica gel can be very effective in reducing humidity.

However, it has several important limitations.

Its adsorption capacity decreases sharply when Relative humidity exceeds about 70%. In this case, it can quickly become saturated and lose its effectiveness.

In addition, silica gel bags contain mobile beads. In equipment subject to movement or vibration, these bags can move and damage the internal components of the case.

Sustainable solution: Air Sponge AS-B

The patented product AS-B is a moisture absorbent designed to avoid condensation under particularly demanding conditions:

  • Forte Ambient humidity,
  • Rapid temperature drops,
  • Repeated thermal cycles

Unlike some conventional desiccants, it maintains a high adsorption capacity even when the relative humidity is high.

Why is AS-B more efficient than silica gel?

The AS-B product has several advantages:

  • Strong adsorption capacity at high relative humidity,
  • Effectiveness maintained above 70% RH
  • Spontaneous regeneration when the humidity goes down again,
  • Absence of permanent saturation.

It acts like a passive humidity controller, capable of stabilizing humidity in a waterproof electrical box. This solution works without energy and without maintenance.

Limiting the risks associated with joint wear

The AS-B product can also reduce the risks in case ofintrusion of liquid water into a housing.

This can happen when the gaskets deteriorate over time.

In this case, the adsorbent material accelerates theevaporation of liquid water and facilitates the extraction of moisture present in the volume of the case.

A sustainable product

The AS-B material has been designed to withstand extreme conditions.

Laboratory tests have shown that it can work in environments between:

  • −25 °C and 110 °C,
  • 8% to 100% relative humidity.

No significant degradation was observed under these conditions.

Integration into electronic devices

Les AS-B labels are designed to be easily integrated into electronic equipment.

They are:

  • Self-adhesive,
  • Available in multiple formats,
  • Adapted to waterproof electrical boxes,
  • Compatible with small and large volumes.

This solution makes it easy to integrate a absorbing moisture directly into the appliance.

Synthesis

The humidity in an electronic device is a structural problem:

  • Les IP boxes are not perfectly airtight,
  • La Water vapor penetrates gradually in the closed volumes,
  • La Condensation occurs during temperature drops.

Under these conditions, the use ofmoisture absorbents suitable for electronic boxes is often essential to avoid the deterioration of equipment.

The product Air Sponge AS-B constitutes a sustainable and passive solution to ensure a internal humidity control, especially in demanding industrial or outdoor environments.

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